Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.When exposed to certain etiological factors, the process of synthesis of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which causes damage to pancreatic cells.This article shows the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the characteristics of dietary food as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis Clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, severe pain, which, if not treated in time, can lead to the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or have a girdle character.The inflammatory process in the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo- or hypertension) are observed and the general condition of the patient worsens.It becomes pale and later the skin acquires an earthy gray color.With cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice can be observed due to compression of the bile duct by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They feel hiccups and burps, nausea begins to bother them.In the acute period, constant vomiting is observed.Electrolyte loss causes clammy sweat, shortness of breath, and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool is foamy, has food particles and a bad smell.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and bloating are noted.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of blue spots around the navel.With the further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he should be taken to the hospital immediately.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, antiemetics, diuretics (prevents swelling of the pancreas and helps to quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), painkillers, enzyme inhibitors, and antibiotics for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy is carried out to strengthen the body.
Patients are prescribed fasting in case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting.Only mineral water or rose water is allowed.In the future, low-calorie foods are gradually introduced into the diet, with the exception of foods that can stimulate the formation of gastric juice and gas.
Therapeutic diet
It is developed according to the patient's condition.When acute inflammation subsides, the diet includes:
- providing the body with physiological levels of proteins, lipids, carbohydrate compounds;
- increase the amount of vitamins;
- reduce or completely eliminate the amount of substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete rejection of smoked, spicy, salty, alcohol, spices and preserves;
- a diet for pancreatitis consists of chopping or grinding food whose temperature does not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible;
- food should be frequent, but always in small portions;in case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed for 1-2 days;
- Refusing to eat for pancreatitis and gastritis can reduce mucosal irritation.
Authorized Products
If the pancreas is damaged, the diet of patients may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meat (chicken, rabbit, veal) in the form of souffle or puree;
- pike perch, pike, cod (low-fat varieties);
- first boiled or baked vegetables;
- crackers or slightly dried bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelets;
- for patients with pancreatitis, it is allowed to consume olive oil and butter from fats;
- Recommended cereals are oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina;
- as a fruit, it is allowed to eat apples cooked without sugar;
- The best drink to drink is hip brew.
When the inflammation is removed and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
In chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of meatballs with mashed potatoes (100 g), 200 grams of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g of cheese;
- vegetable puree soup with croutons, steamed meat souffle, 200 g of buckwheat porridge;
- 110 g protein omelet, steamed, compote;
- 250 g fish roll and tea;
- skimmed milk (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- tea to which you can add boiled fish, mashed potatoes and milk;
- 100 g of cheese;
- rolled oat soup (about 250 g), as well as steamed meat souffle with mashed potatoes (100 g);
- egg white omelette;
- cottage cheese souffle;
- a glass of boiled milk.
Option 3
- oat and meat souffle, tea;
- cheese;
- oat soup and meat cutlets (110 g), mashed potatoes, baked apple;
- egg white omelette;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- boiled milk.
Dietary foods should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digested, fats and carbohydrates should be minimized to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion of food.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis for effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein foods.It is recommended not to cook or bake meat dishes, but to boil or steam them.Low-fat fish dishes are prepared in the same way.
Milk can sometimes be poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to add it only to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form in an amount of no more than half a glass per day.In addition, meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radish should not be in the diet.Rye flour products are also prohibited.
How many calories should the food have?
Each day, patients should consume about 350 g of carbohydrates, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugars.The total energy value of food consumed during the day should be 2600 kilocalories on average.To correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that shows the name of the product, the content of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, as well as the number of kilocalories.It is with its help that the daily diet of patients not only with pancreatitis, but also with other diseases that require appropriate dietary nutrition is drawn up.
Traditional treatment methods
Among traditional medicines, the following are considered the most effective:
- Potato juice.Two hours before meals, you need to drink half a glass of it, wait 5 minutes and wash it down with a glass of kefir.Treatment should last 14 days, after which you should take a 10-day break and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of fennel and cumin is useful.
- It is useful to drink mumiyo solution every evening for 10 days in a row, one hour after meals (2 g per 3 liters of water).
- It is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) after dissolving them in 100 ml of warmed milk for 6 months during chronic pancreatitis.
To prevent the development of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal plants are used.Mainly used are calendula flowers, marshmallow root, blueberry leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood and mint leaves.
The following remedy will help speed up recovery.You need to pass a kilogram of lemon, parsley roots and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, after which start taking a teaspoon.In case of chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to crush chicory root, pour hot water over it, boil, then cool, strain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above means, patients are recommended to do special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.Inhale and exhale, hold your breath and gently pull in the stomach, then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.After that, you need to inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and strongly inflate your stomach, and then relax.Exercises should be repeated three times a day in a lying position, from 3 to 9.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and help the release of digestive juices, helping to prevent pancreatitis or its exacerbation.
It should be remembered that you should not resort to traditional methods in acute pancreatitis, because the patient should be given immediate medical attention.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.